
The UPI pricing debate has intensified as India’s flagship digital payment system faces sustainability challenges. With annual operating costs estimated at Rs 20,700 crore against a Rs 2,000 crore allocation under the zero-MDR regime, policymakers are exploring options to ensure the network’s financial viability.

UPI Free Funding debate: Should UPI remain free or be monetised? Learn about the costs and benefits for UPSC. Read the full analysis by Chetan Bharat Learning.

UPI Merchant Discount Rate of 0.3% may apply to transactions above ₹2,000. Learn about the rationale, impact, and UPSC relevance. Read the full analysis by Chetan Bharat Learning.

Digital Public Infrastructure has transformed governance with Aadhaar, UPI, and DigiLocker. Learn about its pillars, achievements, and challenges.

Financial Inclusion India has seen significant progress, with the FI Index rising to 70.0. Learn about PMJDY, JAM Trinity, and UPSC relevance. Read the full analysis by Chetan Bharat Learning.

Taxation Amendment Bill came into focus after the Lok Sabha passed the Taxation and Other Laws (Amendment) Bill, 2026. The legislation introduces tax relief measures and amendments to the Finance Act, 2026 and the Payment and Settlement Systems Act, 2007, with the stated objective of supporting economic stability and investment.
Important for Prelims: International RelationsMains: General Studies II UPI Goes Global from Eiffel Tower Read more about Payment Aggregators and NPCI, Click here. Practice Questions for Prelims Choose the correct statement(s):a) The Unified Payments Interface is an instant payment system that integrates multiple bank accounts into a single mobile application.b) NPCI was founded in 2008…
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