
Shopian terror financing probe led to 10 arrests after police traced online transactions. Explore legal provisions and internal security issues for UPSC.

Counter tickets now get rail travel insurance at 45 paise, with digital payment made mandatory for eligibility under the new Railways update.

Understand UPI Merchant Charges, new MDR rates and who pays in India from October 2026. Read the full UPSC analysis by Chetan Bharat Learning.

The UPI pricing debate has intensified as India’s flagship digital payment system faces sustainability challenges. With annual operating costs estimated at Rs 20,700 crore against a Rs 2,000 crore allocation under the zero-MDR regime, policymakers are exploring options to ensure the network’s financial viability.

UPI Free Funding debate: Should UPI remain free or be monetised? Learn about the costs and benefits for UPSC. Read the full analysis by Chetan Bharat Learning.

UPI Merchant Discount Rate of 0.3% may apply to transactions above ₹2,000. Learn about the rationale, impact, and UPSC relevance. Read the full analysis by Chetan Bharat Learning.

UPI MDR has entered the policy debate as Parliament considers changes concerning charges on specified digital-payment transactions.
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