Prokaryotes & Eukaryotes

Prokaryotes and Eukaryotes

• Long ago, there were simple organisms called prokaryotes. They were single-celled and didn’t have a nucleus. 
• But over time, some of these organisms evolved to have mitochondria and DNA packaged into a nucleus. 
• The mitochondria, which produce energy in eukaryotic cells, and chloroplasts in plant cells, originally came from free-living bacteria. 
• This happened when an ancient Archaea organism engulfed a bacterium, and over time, they formed a mutually beneficial relationship. 
• This event eventually led to the development of animals, fungi, and plants.
• This evolution from prokaryotes to eukaryotes happened gradually and involved various changes in their structure and functions.

Practice Questions for Prelims

Prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells generally have which features in common?
a) A membrane bound nucleus
b) A cell wall made of cellulose
c) Ribosomes
d) Linear chromosomes made of DNA & Protein

Ans. c)

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