Important for
Prelims: Science & Technology
Mains: General Studies III
- Recent research demonstrates that synthetic life forms with minimal genomes can evolve and out-compete non-evolved versions.
- Evolution is the process of gradual change and development in living organisms over time. It involves the passing on of traits from one generation to the next, leading to the diversity and adaptation of species to their environment.
What is Synthetic Genome ?
- A synthetic genome is an artificially created or modified genetic material that can be inserted into a living organism.
- It involves designing and constructing DNA sequences in a laboratory setting, allowing scientists to engineer or manipulate the genetic makeup of an organism.
- For example, scientists have synthesized genomes for bacteria like Mycoplasma mycoides, creating synthetic life forms capable of replication.
Significance of this Technology
- Manufacturing and Biotechnology : Synthetic genomes can be engineered for the production of chemicals and biologicals at an industrial scale.
- Medical Science : Synthetic genomes enable the development of new therapies, gene therapies, and personalized medicine.
- Research : The evolution of synthetic life forms provides insights into the natural adaptation and evolution of organisms.
- Understanding AMR : Synthetic genome research contributes to studying how pathogens evolve and develop resistance to drugs.
- Environmental Remediation : Synthetic genomes can be used to engineer organisms that can remediate pollution or degrade waste products.
Practice Questions for Prelims
Mains Practice Question
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