Global Climate 2022

State of the Global Climate 2022: WMO

• The report focuses on key climate indicators – Greenhouse Gasses, Temperatures, Sea level rise, Ocean Heat and Acidification, Sea ice and Glaciers.

Findings of the Report?

• Global mean temperature in 2022 was 1.15 °C above the 1850-1900 average.
• The years 2015 to 2022 were the eight warmest in the instrumental record back to 1850.
• Concentrations of the three main GHG, Carbon dioxide, Methane, and Nitrous oxide, reached record highs in 2021.
• Global mean sea level (GMSL) continued to rise in 2022, reaching a new record high for the satellite altimeter record.
• For the period 2005-2019, total land ice loss from glaciers, Greenland, and Antarctica contributed 36% to the GMSL rise, and ocean warming contributed 55%.
• Ocean heat content reached a new record high in 2022.
• CO₂ reacts with seawater resulting in a decrease of pH referred to as ‘ocean acidification’, threatening organisms and ecosystem services.
• Sea ice in Antarctica dropped to 1.92 million km2 in February 2022, the lowest level on record and almost 1 million km2 below the long-term (1991-2020) mean.

World Meteorological Organization (WMO)

• Intergovernmental organization with a membership of 192 Member States and Territories.
• India is a member of WMO
• It originated from the International Meteorological Organization (IMO), which was established after the 1873 Vienna International Meteorological Congress.
• WMO is headquartered in Geneva, Switzerland

Practice Questions for Prelims

Consider the following statements about World Meteorological Organisation (WMO)
1. It is an intergovernmental organization with a membership of 192 Member States and Territories.
2. India is a member of WMO.

Choose the incorrect statement/s
a) 1 only
b) 2 only
c) Both 1 and 2
d) Neither 1 nor 2

Ans. d)

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